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UNIX is an operating system that was created for the first time in the 1960s and has since undergone continuous development. When we refer to an operating system, we mean the collection of applications that run the computer. For servers, desktop computers, and laptops, it is a reliable, multi-user, multi-tasking system.
Additionally, UNIX systems include a graphical user interface (GUI) that is comparable to Microsoft Windows and offers a user-friendly environment. For tasks that cannot be performed using graphical software or when a windows interface is not accessible, such as during a telnet session, UNIX knowledge is necessary.
What we now refer to as the Linux operating system is actually the result of two initiatives from the early 1990s. In order to replace the proprietary Unix system, Richard Stallman sought to develop a system that was really free and open source. Although there was an ongoing kernel effort, it proved to be rough going, and without a kernel, the free and open source operating system goal could not be achieved. He was working on the utilities and applications under the moniker GNU, a recursive acronym meaning "GNU's not Unix!" It was Linus Torvald's labour, which resulted in a functional and useful kernel he dubbed Linux, that gave the entire operating system life.
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